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Manfred Roeder (judge)
Manfred Roeder (August 20, 1900 – October 18, 1971) was a military judge in Nazi Germany. Serving on the highest wartime court, he led the investigation and examinations and later the prosecution of the German Resistance group, the Red Orchestra. He shared responsibility for the dozens of death sentences handed down by the Reich court martial to Red Orchestra members. After Germany's defeat in World War II, there were attempts by survivors, family and the U.S. Army to investigate the prosecutions of Red Orchestra members and others, but Roeder was never convicted of any malfeasance or crime.
== Life and career ==
Roeder, the son of a Landgericht director from Kiel, served in World War I〔Shareen Blair Brysac, (''Resisting Hitler: Mildred Harnack and the Red Orchestra'' ) Oxford University Press (2000), p. 350. ISBN 0-19-513269-6〕 in the 83rd Field Artillery as a lieutenant. He was later awarded an Iron Cross (2nd Class) for having been gassed.〔 Following the war, Roeder joined the Freikorps and later went to university to pursue a law degree.〔
He became a judge in 1934 and soon after, was made a military judge〔Heinz von Höhne, ("Die Geschichte des Spionageringes 'Rote Kapelle'" ) ''Der Spiegel'' (July 8, 1968). Retrieved January 30, 2012 〕 in the legal services of the Luftwaffe in April 1935.〔 Roeder was the original investigating Nazi attorney in the Red Orchestra case〔Brysac (2000), (p. 449 ) Retrieved February 18, 2012〕 and he later became the prosecuting attorney.〔
Roeder was known to Hitler and Göring as one of the hardest and most loyal military judges; prisoners nicknamed him "Hitler's blood judge",〔 a name also given to Roland Freisler.
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